نشریه علوم سیاسی
سال هجدهم شماره 1 (پیاپی 69، بهار 1394)

The main question of this writing has to do with the objectives and function of favorable political power in view of holy Quran. To answer this question, it has been emphasized that power, whether favorable or unfavorable, is of functions like providing order and security, settling the dispute, organizing the issues of society as well as prevention.
Favorable power is of particular functions through which it is distinguished from corrupt power. These favorable functions could be followed through the affairs such as providing the grounds towards development of society and the reform of its issues.
The objectives of favorable power are considered the issues such as practicing the divine limits, providing justice and guidance of human being in the greatest position. The favorable power moves towards happiness and human’s perfection and it is of progression different from unfavorable power.

The study of scholars’ view- pros and cons- concerning the constitutionalism and the concepts related to it would be considered the main issue of the present article. Taking advantage of the instruction of “Discrepancy in Beliefs”, the author has endeavored to clarify the quiddity of discrepancy among the scholars of constitutionalism period. In this writing, it has been considered the divergence among the scholars towards the concept of constitutionalism and the issues around it such as law, freedom, and justice. According to the article, difference in taking position of the scholars in this period, before everything, refers to their different views towards constitutionalism and the concepts connected to that. Without regarding their incongruity in beliefs, it is not possible to analyze their different positions in regard with constitutionalism.

The major concern of this article would be the discourse justification of new political requirements such as limiting the political power, establishing of National Consultative Assembly, developing constitution, considering fundamental freedoms and national justice appeared in the political jurisprudence in constitutionalism period. The present article is to interpret political-lawful argumentations of entrance of political modernity to Iran in Qajar period within the framework of “Habermas’s communicative action theory”. To achieve this goal, the present writing tries to provide the required grounds towards the investigation of its claim via “critical discourse analysis” methodology and the documentary research method. According to the article, the two theories of “lawful constitutionalism monarchy” and “absolute monarchy” are considered as new theories in the tradition of Shiite jurisprudence developed against one another in the tradition of Shiite jurisprudence in constitutionalism period. The outcome of this article could be applied in various realms such as jurisprudence of novel issues, jurisprudence of freedom, the study of the originof political modernity in the contemporary Iran, and the critical analysis of clericalism in constitutionalism period.

Caliphate theory is considered as one of the significant theories by Ibn khaldun in “Moqaddameh- introduction” presented due to the requirements of the world of Islam. This theory reveals that the justification for caliphate system is regarded on the basis of urbanization science and the continuance of this system in this theory is of particular importance.
In this article, referring to Ibn khaldun’s book- “Moqaddameh”- as well as taking advantage of fundamental methodology in field of humanities, and through the documentary research method, his epistemology principles is mentioned; moreover, it is investigated the quality of the existence of these principles in caliphate theory being in the form of conditional proposition. Finally, it is concluded that regardless of the mentionedepistemological principles, Ibn khaldun could not theorize beyond this limit, which mainly originates in Asharite’s principles.

The relation of Prophet and philosopher in the Islamic political philosophy has been constantly the matter of discussion. This issue has been controversially understood in some of the works by Muslim philosophers. For instance, some individuals believed in the priority of philosopher over Prophet in Farabi’s political philosophy. Nevertheless, this issue is in need of discussing in the philosophy of other Muslim scholars such as Falsafe Motealiyah by Sadr al-Moteallehin e- Shirazi. The main problem of the present article is related to the way of stating the position of Prophet compared with philosopher in the philosophy of Molla Sadra.
It is claimed that considering the works of Molla Sadra, the position of Prophet in this philosophy, has been stated free of any vagueness against the works of other Muslim philosophers and in addition to stating the philosopher’s position, it has been deemed on the priority of Prophet over philosopher. The research method has been founded on the internal logic, the description as well as the analysis of the text. The focus of the article is on the basis of differentiating Prophet and philosopher and the position of each of them in the political thought of Sadr al- Moteallehin. One of the results of this discussion is that it is ended by disagreement and challenge concerning the priority of philosopher over Prophet in the Islamic political philosophy.

Selfie is considered as a movement among Muslims and it believes in absolute obedience from selfism action which had been done by the Sunnite Muslims of the first centuries.
Meanwhile, Selfi trend is not united and coherent and it has internally developed diverse movements. One of the most significant internal trends of Selfieh is the scientific Selfieh trend or Albany developed in the second half of 20th century by Sheikh Mohammad Albany in Syria and Saudi Arabia. This trend entered this country simultaneous with the success of Selfi thoughts in Egypt in 70s A.C. The main thought of this movement was that Muslims are not aware of the truth of Islam and they should attempt to re-identify Islam via true traditions and any political activities should be avoided.
In this writing, it has been considered the thoughts, the mode of development, the spread of this movement in Egypt, as well as the effective people and centers on this spread. This research was done through library research, and it has been taken benefits of the main resources, researches, studies, autobiographies and biographies of people.
In this research, the following results have been achieved: 1. this movement was developed in Eskandariyeh; since, this city was the second mega city of Egypt and the location for the activities of the other Selfi populations; 2. given that this movement was developed in university, it had tendency towards Selfieh scientific party; 3. its leaders were originally urban and not rural migrators; 3. these leaders were attracted by the Selfi thought in the low ages.